Balquhain (pronounced ‘Bal~cane’) is an ancient settlement located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland which traces it's history back 4,000 years to the Bronze Age.

It is the site of a ‘Recumbent Stone Circle’, a Scottish equivalent of Stonehenge, and was used for burial of ashes, worship, and astronomy by the Neolithic inhabitants.

The Romans invaded the region between the 1st and 3rd Centuries AD and a Marching Camp was established at Balquhain.

In 1470, Robert Duguid of Auchinhuif was born to Elizabeth of Balquhain. In 1562, Mary Queen of Scots narrowly escaped capture by the Gordons when she was staying at Balquhain Castle, the Leslies stronghold. The estate was created a barony by Crown Charter in 1643.